The authors discuss findings obtained after examination of 23 highly qualified sportsmen who wore a bracelet emitting the blue light and its effects at the restoration period after maximal strain. The aim was to identify adaptive capabilities of their organism and the effect of the bracelet at them. Namely, the researchers examined psychophysiological characteristics in the group of athletes after short-term exposure to the optical radiation and compared them with those in the placebo-control group. The obtained results demonstrate that irradiation with blue light had a positive effect at psychophysiological characteristics of athletes in the experimental group.

Objective: The resent interest to laser technologies in anaesthesiology has been determined by more cautious and considered approach to the choice of pharmacotherapy because of well-known reasons: side-effects of drugs, pharmacological loading on patients, drug interactions, etc. Materials and methods: Anaesthesiological support was given to 168 patients (102 women and 66 men) aged 60-94 having concomitant diseases, like general atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease, hypertensive diseases 2, 3 risk 3, 4, post-infarction cardiosclerosis, tension angina, diabetes mellitus, varicose disease of the lower extremities, bronchial asthma and etc. 93 patients had planned laparoscopic cholecystectomy, 42 patients had laparoscopic herniorrhaphy and 33 patients had phlebectomy. Patients’ weight varied from 59 to 134 kg. All patients had 3-4 degree anaesthesia risk by MNOAP classification In the present work, the researchers compared two protection techniques against surgical aggression: patients in the studied group (n = 107) had multimodal non-opioid anaesthesia with non-narcotic analgesics and transcutaneous laser blood irradiation (TLBI) and patients in the control group (n = 61) had traditional total intravenous anaesthesia. Results and conclusion. A comparative analysis of monitored central and peripheral hemodynamics and bispectral index data has demonstrated that the combined application of non-narcotic analgesics (Acupan, Paracetamol and Ketorol) in combination with TLBI sessions may replace narcotic analgesics in modern multimodal anesthesia as a protection against surgical aggression, may stabilize hemodynamic parameters and reduce pharmacological loading in gerontological patients.

Purpose: To assess therapeutic antirecurrent effects of a staged combined laser technique as well as a combined antiviral therapy in the comprehensive treatment of anogenital condylomas (AGC) in children and teenagers. Materials and methods. Clinical and laboratory findings were used for analyzing results of a new laser technology applied in 135 children and adolescents aged from 3 months till 18 years with AGC which lasted up to 4 years and, the previous treatment with traditional therapy was ineffective. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group I (30 patients) who had laser destruction (LD); group II (30 patients) - LD with low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to follow; group III (75 patients) - combined therapy with LD + LLLT + antiviral drugs. In the control group, there were 30 healthy children. The study design included: examination - for one week; therapy - for 4-6 weeks (from 1 to 4-6 weeks); follow-up period and evaluation of long-term outcomes in 27 and 54 weeks. Results. A sharp decrease of AGC recurrences in patients from group III has proved a high efficiency of the new combined therapy. Thus, if to compare with patients treated with traditional therapy, in group I the recurrence rate decreased only up to 49%; in group II - up to 25.8% while in group III - up to 11.4%. Moreover, AGC recurrences in group III were much less pronounced both clinically and immunologically. Conclusion: An innovative approach applied in group III in the form of a combined pharmacolaser therapy course which included antiviral preparations has shown much better results in treating girls with AGC as compared to traditional treatment. It may be explained by more complete correction of immunodeficiency shifts typical for AGC. So, the discussed technique may be a targeted method of choice. The proposed technique is medically safe, stable, with good rehabilitation results; it has no side effects too. Besides, the obtained effect lasts for a long time. One can also see a sharp reduction in the recurrence incidence. All the mentioned advantages allow to implement the discussed new technique widely in gynecological and pediatric practices.

The article demonstrates effectiveness of low-level laser therapy with wavelength 970 nm and 660 nm in treating 100 patients with radial rectitis and radial cystitis as late radial complications. These findings were compared with the controls. To define the severity of radial damage in the rectum and urinary bladder walls, findings of ultrasound and morphological examinations of biopsy material were analyzed by the authors.

Purpose. To evaluate the efficiency of endonasal low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) with infrared light combined with ozone therapy in patients with neurodermitis (ND). Materials and methods. Workers of coal mines were taken into the study. Group I consisted of 38 miners, group II - of 10 employees of communal services who did not work under the ground. The comparison group included 10 healthy miners. Patients with ND from both groups had LLLI with helium-neon laser and ozonotherapy which was added to enhance the efficiency of the irradiation when a lesion on the skin was lubricated with ozonated olive oil. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed using biochemical, biophysical, cytophytometric and hematological findings (malonic dialdehyde, catalase, cortisol, glycogen, total ND, impedance, ESR, etc.). Results of the discussed therapy were compared with archival findings of patients who were treated with traditional pharmacotherapy. Results and conclusion. The ozone-laser therapy was effective in 32 out of 38 patients (84.21%) in group I and in 9 out of 10 patients (90.0%) in group II. Therapy duration in group I was 12 days, in group II - 10 days. Only 3 patients out of 32 cured patients (9.375%) in group I had recurrences of the disease 6-7 months later. The obtained results demonstrate that the discussed ozone-laser therapy reliably reduces terms of treatment for patients with ND and the incidence of recurrences.

During high-latitude marine expedition (Islands of Franz Josef Land) the adaptation of the organism to changing climatic conditions and increased physical activity for 1 month was studied. Carried out tests have allowed to establish that a daily (2 sessions -12 min) application of light radiation with a wavelength of 470 ± 10 nm has a significant influence on the dynamics of adaptation of cardio-respiratory system of members of the expedition to the North. The participants included in the experimental group had less pronounced such shifts as the reduction in finger BP (different testing conditions), indicators of cardiac performance and decrease the reactivity of the spectral variability rate of the finger BP during the respiratory test. There is a tendency to reduce intoxication-like components in the distribution of the particles, determined by laser correlation spectroscopy in the urine of participants of the expedition, receiving prophylactic phototherapy compared with the control group. On the background of the general trend toward improvement of health and increasing the activity of the group, applying bracelets with blue light, had a high intensity of these effects.

Purpose: To assess morphological changes in the kidney parenchyma after laser-assisted partial nephrectomy and traditional partial nephrectomy. Materials and methods. Two groups of 50 Wistar rats were included into the experiment. Animals from the first group had laser-assisted partial nephrectomy without vessels clamping and without suturing the resected surface of the organ. Animals from the second group had traditional partial nephrectomy. High-level laser light with wavelength 970 nm and output power 4 W in continuous mode was used for laser-assisted partial nephrectomy. Animals from both groups were successively removed from the study. Morphological assessment of the kidney parenchyma following partial nephrectomy was done. Statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the two groups was found in 30 minutes and in 2, 7, 16 days after the surgery: necrosis thickness was less after laser-assisted intervention. In 40 days after the surgery, cicatrical tissue thickness in the resection margin was 0.41 ± 0.11 mm following laser-assisted partial nephrectomy, while it was 1.15 ± 0.16 mm after traditional partial nephrectomy, p < 0.05. There were no deep destructive changes in the kidney parenchyma after laser-assisted partial nephrectomy. The researchers also found that after laser-assisted surgery, inflammation in the kidney parenchyma was aseptic with the prevailing productive phase and with relatively early and active formation of the granulation tissue. Reactivation of microcirculation and reparation of kidney parenchyma in the resection margin started earlier after laser-assisted partial nephrectomy than after traditional partial nephrectomy.

This paper presents the on the increase in the effectiveness of physiotherapy destruction implanted in the skin pigment. After statistical analysis 2294 tattooing pigments, it is recommended to complement laser devices emitters with wavelengths of 430, 480, 560 nm. The use of additional emitters allows highly effective in destroying the pigment implanted in the epidermis and reduce the risk of dangerous complications.

Purpose. To assess possibilities and resolution capacity of modern diagnostic techniques with computer image processing using «FemtoScan» programs for identifying weak thermal injuries in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Materials and methods. For determining the threshold of RPE thermal injury, several applications were put using selective micropulse mode of IQ 577 laser (IRIDEX). Digital photo registration in the reflected infrared light, autofluorescent (AF) assessment, fluorescent angiography were made. To evaluate the results, the researchers analyzed retina zones after various exposures, counted the number of visible laser applications, determined RPE damage thresholds with different surface energy density (ED), compared background levels in the tested and control zones. To enhance the contrast and visualization efficiency, the subtraction and image processing technique using «FemtoScan» computer program was used. Results. Thermal damage to RPE was registered starting from ED 1270 mJ/cm² (1 pulse, 2 W, 50 ^s, 100 ^m) at short-wave AF with the background subtraction after image processing by «FemtoScan» program. Several pulses in the package increase ED with higher probability for visualization. «FemtoScan» technique increases the probability of visualization of the weakest areas of laser exposure by two folds. Conclusion. Short-wave autofluorescence (488 nm) is the most sensitive diagnostic technique for detecting the impact of selective micropulse mode at RPE. Damage to RPE is seen in transparent optical media and medium pigmentation degree starting from ED 1270 mJ/cm².

Objective: to develop a two-dimensional model of red blood cell distribution in plasma for 200 species of location of non-aggregated red blood cells (tissue models) depending on the hematocrit. To simulate the effect of laser learning on the model blood layer under study to obtain an opto-acoustic response from single red blood cells and a group of erythrocytes. It was believed that the cells were exposed to a laser with a constant intensity, regardless of their orientation. The laser parameters were chosen for the existing LIMO 100-532/1064-U installation, the Nd: YAG laser, in order to further verify the simulation results by experiment. The result of the simulation proves the possibility of counting the number of red blood cells and measuring the hematocrit of un aggregated erythrocytes, by recording the signal amplitude and measuring the spectral power. The registered parameters grow with the increase in the number of erythrocytes, and the frequency of the signal spectrum also changes, which also informs about the quantitative composition of red blood cells. The work was carried out at the Southern Federal University and is a continuation of the study on the development of a flow optical cytometer. Keywords: optoacoustics, laser, power spectral density, optoacoustic signals, erythrocytes, hematocrit, signal spectrum.

Purpose. To conduct computer simulation of a single laser micropulse and to evaluate the reaction of proteins of the chorioretinal complex to determine the selective and effective effect on RPE cells. Materials and methods. Computer simulations of the effects of a single laser micropulse on RPE with the transparent optical media and the average degree of fundus pigmentation were conducted. Parameters: the wavelength was 577 nm, spot diameter 100 μm, power - 0,5-10 W, pulse duration - 5-1000 μs. Results. The degree of impact on the RPE were defined the concepts of efficiency (the ratio of denatured protein within the RPE layer to the entire volume of the layer of RPE) and selectivity (the ratio of denatured protein within the layer of RPE to all denatured protein). The optimal value of F-measure for a single pulse is realized with a pulse duration of 25 ^s and a power of about 4 W, and for 50 ^s at 1.9 W. Deviations from the optimum can lead to a lack of effectiveness without achieving a clinical result or high efficiency with loss of selectivity and damage to the adjacent tissues. Conclusion. The selective and effective effect on RPE at different times duration of the micropulse is realized in a limited power range. In the treatment of retinal pathology it is necessary to consider the technical features of the laser installation transparency of optical media and the degree of pigmentation of the patient’s eye fundus. Keywords: selective micropulse laser treatment, retinal pigment epithelium.

The authors present their material obtained after analyzing Research and Development database on laser medicine which was compiled from research work of institutions in Russian Federation in 2016-2017 and which was registered in the Unified State System on Accounting Research, Development and Technological Projects for Civil Purposes. This review emphasizes that Russian Federation is a leader in research, development and implementation of laser technologies in medicine. Laser technologies are developing in all fields of medicine: therapy, diagnostics, surgery, dentistry, ophthalmology, dermatocosmetology and otorhinolaryngology.