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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">goslasmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лазерная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Laser Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8644</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Skobelkin Centre for Laser Medicine - a branch of the Federal Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies, FMBA of Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37895/2071-8004-2023-27-1-39-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">goslasmed-821</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анатомо-физиологическое обоснование техники лазерной скульптурной увулопалатопластики при ронхопатии и синдроме обструктивного апноэ сна</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anatomical and physiological justification of laser sculptural uvulopalatoplasty in rhonchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5742-3459</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Князьков</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Knyazkov</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Князьков Владимир Борисович – кандидат медицинских наук, врач</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Knyazkov Vladimir – Cand. Sc. (Med.)</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.b.knyazkov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5817-0702</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Праздников</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prazdnikov</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Праздников Эрик Нариманович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой оперативной хирургии и топографической анатомии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Prazdnikov Erik – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Operative Surgery and Topographic Anatomy</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">enp1964@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5636-5082</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дайхес</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daikhes</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дайхес Николай Аркадьевич – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корр. РАН, директор</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daikhes Nikolai – Dr. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Associate Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">otorhhino1@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Клиника реабилитации в Хамовниках<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Rehabilitation Clinic in Khamovniki<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет имени А. И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр оториноларингологии Федерального медико-биологического агентства»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Medical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngology of the Federal Medico-Biological Agency of Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Князьков В.Б., Праздников Э.Н., Дайхес Н.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Князьков В.Б., Праздников Э.Н., Дайхес Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Knyazkov V.B., Prazdnikov E.N., Daikhes N.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://goslasmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/821">https://goslasmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/821</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучение анатомо-физиологических особенностей мягкого неба у больных ронхопатией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна для минимизации повреждения тканевых структур при лазерной увулопалатопластике.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Обследовано 523 больных ронхопатией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна с помощью индексного метода определения отношения диаметра окружности к показателю длины (высоты) шеи, фарингоскопии и эндоскопии полостей рта и глотки.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Синдром обструктивного апноэ сна чаще наблюдается у больных ронхопатией с брахиморфным и мезоморфным типом шеи. Выявлена четкая закономерность увеличения количества больных ронхопатией со средней и тяжелой степенью синдрома обструктивного апноэ сна по мере увеличения гипертрофии мягкого неба в сочетании с его птозом. Наличие конусовидного углубления на передней поверхности мягкого неба отмечено у 80–90 % больных с нормальным весом (индекс массы тела &lt; 25), у 40–60 % больных с ожирением I степени (индекс массы тела – 30–34,9), у 10–15 % больных с ожирением II степени (индекс массы тела – 35–39,9), у больных с ожирением III степени (индекс массы тела &gt; 40) это углубление отсутствует. Размеры утолщения в виде подушки на задней поверхности мягкого неба варьируют от 1 × 0,5 × 0,5 см у больных с неосложненным храпом до 2 × 1,5 × 1 см у больных с тяжелой степенью синдрома обструктивного апноэ сна.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Эффективность лазерной увулопалатопластики зависит не только от адекватного выбора основных параметров применяемого лазерного излучения, но и от тщательного учета анатомо-функциональных особенностей мягкого неба каждого оперируемого больного ронхопатией и синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to study anatomical and physiological features of the soft palate in patients with rhonchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome so as to minimize damage to tissue structures during laser uvulopalatoplasty.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Five hundred twenty-three patients with rhonchopathy and OSA syndrome were examined using the index technique for determining neck circumference-height ratio (NHR), pharyngoscopy and endoscopy of the oral and pharyngeal cavities.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is more often met in patients having rhonchopathy and the brachymorphic and mesomorphic type of their neck. The researchers have found a clear dependence between the increase in the number of patients having rhonchopathy and moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and the increase of soft palate hypertrophy combined with ptosis. A cone-shaped depression on the anterior surface of the soft palate was noted in 80-90 % of patients with normal weight (body mass index &lt; 25); in 40–60 % of patients with grade I obesity (body mass index – 30–34.9); in 10–15 % of patients with grade II obesity (body mass index – 35–39,9); in patients with grade IIIobesity (body mass index &gt; 40) there were no any depression in the soft palate. Patients with uncomplicated snoring have a thick area in the forma pillow at the back of their soft palate sized 1 × 0.5 × 0.5 cm, while in patients with severe OSA syndrome this «pillow» is up to 2 × 1.5 × 1 cm.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The effectiveness of laser uvulopalatoplasty depends not only on the adequate choice of main parameters for laser irradiation, but also on the careful consideration of anatomical and functional features of the soft palate in each operated patient with rhonchopathy and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ронхопатия</kwd><kwd>синдром обструктивного апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>мягкое небо</kwd><kwd>лазерная увулопалатопластик</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rhonchopathy</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</kwd><kwd>soft palate</kwd><kwd>laser uvulopalatoplasty</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лопатин А.С., Бузунов Р.В., Смушко А.М. и др. Храп и синдром обструктивного апноэ во сне. 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