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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">goslasmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лазерная медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Laser Medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2071-8004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8644</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Skobelkin Centre for Laser Medicine - a branch of the Federal Clinical Center for High Medical Technologies, FMBA of Russia</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37895/2071-8004-2015-19-3-4-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">goslasmed-32</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCHES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние трансмиокардиальной лазерной реваскуляризации на характер патоморфологического и ультраструктурного профиля микроциркуляторного русла миокарда</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of transmyocardial laser revascularization at the character of pathomorphological and ultrastructural patterns of myocardial microcirculation flow</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беришвили</surname><given-names>Илья Иосифович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berishvili</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tmlr@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артюхина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artuhina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вахромеева</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakhromeeva</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>M. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козаева</surname><given-names>М. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozaeva</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьякова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretiakova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатьева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatjeva</surname><given-names>Y. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Научный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии им. А.Н. Бакулева»<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медико-хирургический центр им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>08</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Беришвили И.И., Артюхина Т.В., Вахромеева М.Н., Семенов М.Х., Козаева М.Т., Третьякова Н.А., Гусев П.В., Игнатьева Ю.В., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Беришвили И.И., Артюхина Т.В., Вахромеева М.Н., Семенов М.Х., Козаева М.Т., Третьякова Н.А., Гусев П.В., Игнатьева Ю.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Berishvili I.I., Artuhina T.V., Vakhromeeva M.N., Semenov M.K., Kozaeva M.T., Tretiakova N.A., Gusev P.V., Ignatjeva Y.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://goslasmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/32">https://goslasmed.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/32</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования. Изучить состояние микрососудистого русла и продемонстрировать, что сочетание ТМЛР с АКШ улучшает результаты операций путем вазодилатации микрососудистого русла бассейна КА. Материал и методы. Изучено 14 препаратов сердец больных ИБС с диффузным поражением коронарных артерий, умерших после операций: 8 - после операций АКШ (1-я группа) и 6 - после сочетанных операций АКШ + ТМЛР (2-я группа). Препараты сердец и коронарных артерий изучены макро- и микроскопически. Во всех случаях материалы гистоморфологического исследования были сопоставлены с клиническими результатами (госпитальная летальность, серьезные неблагоприятные исходы (СНИ). Результаты. При макро- и микроскопическом исследовании препаратов сердца во всех 8 случаях группы АКШ был выявлен тромбоз шунтов и коронарных артерий, являющийся основной причиной смерти. Принципиально иная картина складывается при выполнении сочетанных операций АКШ + ТМЛР (2-я группа). Ни в одном из исследованных сердец в зонах лазерного воздействия не выявлен «парадоксальный спазм» коронарных артерий и не наблюдали признаков ИМ. Высокие показатели смертности (12,1%) и СНИ (33,3%) в первой группе следует объяснить усугубляющимся коронарным спазмом у больных с конечной стадией поражения коронарных артерий. С другой стороны, значительное уменьшение госпитальной летальности (1,15%) и серьезных неблагоприятных кардиальных событий (2,3%) в группе АКШ + ТМЛР можно объяснить лазер-индуцированной дилатацией дистального русла коронарных артерий. Повышенное сопротивление микрососудистого русла миокарда уменьшает возможность эффективного функционирования шунтов и восстановления миокардиального кровотока. Мы полагаем, что интраоперационная эффективность ТМЛР основана на дилатации микрососудистого русла миокарда и уже в интраоперационном улучшении его перфузии. Заключение. Усугубление катехоламин-индуцированного вазоспазма и уменьшение миокардиального кровотока у больных ИБС с диффузным поражением коронарных артерий - типичная находка после коронарного шунтирования. Успехи в лечении этой категории больных в случаях с ТМЛР, по-видимому, связаны с предотвращением вазоконстрикции коронарных артерий у больных с выраженной ИБС. Вазодилатация сосудов микроциркуляторного русла позволяет объяснить улучшение госпитальных результатов при выполнении сочетанных операций АКШ + ТМЛР у этой категории больных.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Objective. This study was undertaken to demonstrate that the combination of coronary artery by-pass grafting (CABG) and transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR) in patients with advanced coronary artery disease (CAD) improves surgical outcomes due to improved vasoconstriction. Materials and methods. 14 heart preparations from patients with IHD with diffuse lesion of coronary arteries who died after surgery were studied: 8 - after CABG (Group 1) and 6 - after CABG + TMLR (Group 2). Heart and vessel preparations were studied both macro-and microscopically. In all cases findings of histopathomorphologic examination were comparable with clinical results (hospital mortality, serious adverse effects - SAE). Results. The macro- and microscopical examination revealed that after CABG thrombosis of by-pass anastomosis and coronary arteries was seen in all hearts. It is just thrombosis that became the basic cause of death. A different picture was seen in Group 2 in which patients had CABG + TMLR surgery. There was neither any «paradoxical spasm» nor IM in coronary arteries at laser irradiation sites. High mortality rate (12.1 %) and SAE rate (33.3%) in Group 1 may be explained with the worsening of coronary spasm in patients with the terminal stage of coronary artery impairment. While much less hospital mortality (1.15%) and morbidity (2.3%) in Group 2 (CABG + TMLR) may be explained with laser-induced dilatation of coronary artery distal flow. An increased resistance of microcirculatory flow in the myocardium decreases the effectiveness of by-pass functioning and thus, restoration of myocardial blood flow. We suggest that positive intraoperative TMLR effects are promoted by myocardial microflow dilatation and improved perfusion just during the surgery. Conclusion. The worsening of catecholamine-induced vasospasm and reduction of myocardial blood flow in patients with IHD and diffuse impairment of coronary arteries is a typical event after coronary by-pass. Good outcomes after TMLR in this group of patients are likely to be explained with prevention of vasoconstriction of coronary arteries in patients with marked IHD. Better hospital parameters in patients after CABG + TMLR could be explained by vasodilatation of vessels in the microcirculatory flow.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>трансмиокардиальная лазерная реваскуляризация</kwd><kwd>спазм КА</kwd><kwd>вазодилатация сосудов микрососудистого русла миокарда</kwd><kwd>transmyocardial laser revascularization</kwd><kwd>coronary spasm</kwd><kwd>vasodilatation of myocardial microvessels</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вахромеева М.Н. Нормальное распределение и аномалии венечных артерий в сердце человека. Автореф. дисс.. канд. мед. наук. М., 1992. С. 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вахромеева М.Н. 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